1. The atomic nucleus is composed of protons and neutrons known as
Answer: D. nucleons
Physics Class 10 Unit 21: Nuclear Physics MCQs
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2. Thomson's plum pudding model was disproved in 1911 by
Answer: A. Rutherford's alpha particle scattering experiment
3. About 1 in every ______ alpha particles was deflected by more than 90°.
Answer: C. 20,000
4. The fact that a few alpha particles bounced back showed that the atom has a
Answer: B. small, dense, positive nucleus
5. The fact that most alpha particles passed through undeflected showed that the atom is
Answer: A. mostly empty space
6. Rutherford's model is known as the
Answer: B. nuclear model of the atom
7. The number of protons in a nucleus is called the
Answer: D. atomic number
8. The atomic number is denoted by
Answer: C. Z
9. The total number of nucleons in a nucleus is called the
Answer: A. mass number
10. The mass number is denoted by
Answer: B. A
11. The number of neutrons in a nucleus is
Answer: C. A − Z
12. A nuclide is a kind of atom with specific values of
Answer: D. mass number and atomic number
13. Uranium (Z = 92) has an isotope with mass number 239. The number of neutrons is
Answer: B. 147
14. Polonium-209 (Z = 84) has ______ neutrons.
Answer: D. 125
15. Isotopes of an element have a different number of
Answer: A. neutrons
16. The three isotopes of hydrogen are protium, deuterium and
Answer: C. tritium
17. Deuterium has
Answer: C. one proton and one neutron
18. Tritium has
Answer: A. one proton and two neutrons
19. Unstable isotopes that emit radiation to attain stability are called
Answer: B. radioisotopes
20. Chlorine-37 and potassium-39 are
Answer: D. isotones
21. Radioactivity was accidentally discovered in 1896 by
Answer: B. Henri Becquerel
22. Marie Curie and Pierre Curie discovered the elements
Answer: A. polonium and radium
23. The natural emission of radiation from unstable nuclei is called
Answer: C. radioactivity
24. The three types of nuclear radiation are
Answer: D. alpha, beta and gamma
25. An alpha particle is equivalent to a
Answer: B. helium nucleus
26. An alpha particle consists of
Answer: A. two protons and two neutrons
27. The charge of an alpha particle is ______ times the charge of a proton.
Answer: D. two
28. A beta particle is a fast moving
Answer: C. electron
29. In beta emission, a neutron in the nucleus transforms into a proton and an
Answer: A. electron
30. In an electric field, beta particles are attracted towards the
Answer: D. positive plate
31. Gamma rays in an electric or magnetic field are
Answer: C. not deflected
32. Beta particles deflect more than alpha particles because they are
Answer: B. much lighter
33. The radiation with the highest ionizing ability is
Answer: D. alpha
34. The radiation with the greatest penetrating power is
Answer: A. gamma
35. Alpha particles are stopped by
Answer: B. a sheet of paper
36. Beta particles are stopped by
Answer: C. a few millimetres of aluminium
37. Gamma rays require ______ to shield them effectively.
Answer: A. thick lead or concrete
38. The law of conservation of nucleons states that the total mass number
Answer: C. remains constant during decay
39. In alpha decay, the daughter nuclide has a nucleon number reduced by
Answer: D. four
40. In alpha decay, the daughter nuclide has a proton number reduced by
Answer: B. two
41. When uranium-238 (Z = 92) emits an alpha particle, it becomes
Answer: A. thorium-234 (Z = 90)
42. Radon-222 (Z = 86) after alpha decay becomes
Answer: C. polonium-218 (Z = 84)
43. In beta decay, the proton number
Answer: B. increases by one
44. During beta decay, the nucleon number
Answer: D. does not change
45. Cobalt-60 (Z = 27) after beta decay becomes
Answer: B. nickel-60 (Z = 28)
46. In gamma decay, the atomic number
Answer: C. does not change
47. Gamma decay is due to a transition between states of
Answer: A. the same nucleus
48. A beta-plus (positron) emission changes a proton into a
Answer: D. neutron
49. Fluorine-18 is used in
Answer: C. PET scans
50. The process of changing one element into another by radioactive decay is called
Answer: A. nuclear transmutation
About Physics Class 10 Unit 21 MCQs (Federal Board)
These 107 Physics MCQs cover Class 10 Unit 21: Nuclear Physics of the Federal Board (FBISE) SSC-II (Class 10) syllabus. They are SLO-based MCQs as per the new pattern for FBISE exams. Each question has four options and the correct answer is shown, so you can practise for the annual examination and find the topics you still need to revise. The questions are split over 3 pages of 50. You can also read the Nuclear Physics notes for this chapter. Download the Nuclear Physics MCQs as a PDF using the button at the top of this page.